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European Union Official Gazette issued RoHS 2.0 Revised Directive(EU) 2015/863. The EU RoHS 2.0 update finally settled. From the original six controlled substances: lead(Pb), Mercury(Hg), cadmium(Cd), hexavalent Chromium(CrVI), polybrominated biphenyls(PBB), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs) to ten controlled substances, Add diethylene phthalate(2-ethylhexyl) Ester(DEHP), toluene phthalate(BBP), Erdingjizhi(DBP), diisobutyl phthalate(DIBP), HBCDD(HBCCD), which was previously prioritized as an assessed substance in ROHSS 2.0, is not officially included in the list of restricted substances. The limit of control of the 10 controlled substances was 0.1 % and 0.01 %.
After the issuance of this revised directive, EU member states will need to translate this directive into national regulations and implement it by December 31, 2016. And from July 22, 2019, all European electrical and electronic products(except medical and monitoring equipment) must meet this restriction requirement; From July 22, 2021, medical equipment(including in vitro medical equipment) and surveillance equipment(including industrial surveillance equipment) will also be included in this control. In addition, toy products that are already controlled by o-benzene in Article 51 of Annex XVII to REACH will not be controlled by DEHP, BBP, and DBP in this directive. What? ROHS2.0，全面实行10项，包括生产，销售，检测报告这3大块，法规技术指标如下：
铅(0.1 %);
汞(0.1 %);
镉(0.01 %);
六价铬(0.1 %);
多溴联苯(PBB) (0.1 %);
多溴二苯醚(PBDE) (0.1 %)
邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEHP) (0,1 %)
邻苯二甲酸苯基丁酯(BBP) (0,1 %)
邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP) (0,1 %)
邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(DIBP) (0,1 %)
The EU RoHS Directive(Directive of Hazardous Substances) "On Restrictions on the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electronic and Electrical Equipment", The controlled products are: including electronic appliances with DC less than 1500 V and AC less than 1000 V(except exempted). RoHS指令涉及的产品范围相当广泛，几乎涵盖了所有电子、电器、医疗、通信、玩具、安防信息等产品，它不仅包括产品产品，而且包括生产产品所使用的零部件、原材料及包装件，关系到整个生产链。 归纳起来主要有以下产品：
1.大型家电用品，例如冰箱
2.小型家电用品，例如吸尘器
3.咨询及电讯设备，例如电脑
4.消费性设备，例如电视
5.照明设备，例如日光灯
6.电动工具，例如除草机
7.玩具、娱乐运动器材，例如电动游戏机
8.医疗设备(RoHS 2.0开始管控)例如心电图机
9.监视及控管设备(RoHS 2.0开始管控)，例如溫控器
10.自动贩卖机，例如饮料机
Exempted products: equipment, weapons, military supplies, tungsten bulbs, large fixed industrial appliances for the national security and interests of EU member states. The Council of the European Union adopted the RoHS Directive(2002/95/EC) of 27 January 2003 on restrictions on the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment, which deals with cadmium(Cd), lead(Pb) in electrical and electronic products specified in the regulations, Six hazardous substances, Mercury(Hg), hexavalent Chromium(Cr6 +), polybrominated biphenyls(PBBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs), were restricted;
The main contents of the revision of the RoHS directive are:
1. Changed the legal terms, clarified the scope and definition of the directive;
2. Introduction of CE marks and EC qualification declarations;
3. The integration of medical devices, control and monitoring instruments into the RoHS directive in stages; The limited six harmful substances have not changed, but the four substances-diisobutyl phthalate(DIBP), phthalic acid(2-ethyl hexyl Ester)(DEHP), dibenzyl phthalate(BBP) and dibutyl phthalate(DBP)-require priority assessment, To examine whether the scope of restricted substances will be included in the RoHS scope: For new products launched on July 1, 2006 only. Including household incandescent lamps and light sources. Special instructions or regulations on safety and health requirements should not be violated-Vichy ELV, Car Directive; Battery Directive, 91/157/EEC, 93/86/EEC & amp; 98/101/EC does not include: medical equipment or surveillance equipment(WEEE Directive Class 8,9); Maintenance spare parts to be placed on the market by 1 July 2006; Reuse products that were originally put on the market before July 1, 2006.
Restricted Toxic Substances: Heavy Metals: European New RoHS Certificate(RoHS 2.0)-Lead Lead; -- Mercury; -- Cadmium cadmium; -- Chromium(VI) hexavalent Chromium. Certain brominated flame retardants: polybrominated biphenyls-Polybrominated biphenylls(PBB's); Polybrominated diphenyl ethers-Polybrominated diphenylls(PBDE's). The limit indicator is: cadmium: 0.01 %(100 ppm); Lead, Mercury, hexavalent Chromium, PBBs, PBDEs: 0.1 %(1000 ppm). What?
Six types of hazardous substances
RoHS targets electrical and electronic products that may contain the above six harmful substances in all production processes and raw materials, including: white appliances, such as refrigerators, washing machines, microwave ovens, air conditioners, vacuum cleaners, water heaters, etc., black appliances, such as audio and video products, DVD, CD, TV receiver, IT products, digital products, communication products, etc.. Electric tools, electric electronic toys, medical electrical equipment.
1. Examples of lead(Pb) use of this substance: solder, glass, PVC stabilizer
2. Examples of mercury(Hg)(Mercury) use of the substance: thermostats, sensors, switches and relays, light bulbs
3. Examples of cadmium(Cd) use of this substance: switches, Springs, connectors, casings and PCBs, contacts, batteries
4. An example of hexavalent Chromium(Cr6 +) using this substance: metal anti-corrosion coating
5. Examples of PBBS use of the substance: flame retardants, PCBs, connectors, plastic casings
6. Examples of PBDEs using the substance: flame retardants, PCBs, connectors, plastic casings
According to EU WEEE &;; The RoHS directive requires that qualified third-party testing agencies in China split the product according to the material and conduct the detection of harmful substances in different materials. In general: metal materials are required to test four harmful metal elements such as(CdCadmi/Pb lead/Hg / Cr6 + hexavalent Chromium), and plastic materials are required to test brominated flame retardants(PBB/PBDEs) in addition to these four harmful heavy metal elements, At the same time, packaging materials of different materials also need to be tested for heavy metals in packaging materials(94/62/EEC).
The following is the upper limit concentration for the six pests in the RoHS: cadmium: less than 100 ppm; Lead: less than 1000 ppm; Less than 3500 ppm in steel alloys; Less than 4000 ppm in aluminum alloy; Less than 40,000 ppm in copper alloys; Mercury: less than 1000 ppm; Hexavalent chromium: less than 1000 ppm.
Heavy metals in electrical and electronic equipment that are harmful to human health were found in cadmium in cables of game consoles sold in the Netherlands in 2000. In fact, heavy metals such as lead are found in the inks of solder and box printing, which are used extensively in the production of electrical and electronic products.
A. First, use XRF for lossless screening, fast, efficient, non-destructive, and low cost. However, there are many interference factors and large errors.
B. Determination of Pb, Cd, Hg concentrations by AAS or ICP-AES after microwave digestion and acid digestion.
C. The concentrations of PBBs, PBDEs, etc. were determined by GC-MS after extraction.
D. The concentration of colorless surface Cr 6 + was determined by point test or boiling water extraction method, or by EPA3060A by ultraviolet visible light spectrophotometer.
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